Which hormone is mainly responsible for breast milk production?

• A. Oxytocin
• B. Estrogen
• C. Prolactin
• D. Progesterone

Answer: (C)

Prolactin is the hormone primarily responsible for the production of breast milk. It is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to the stimulation of the nipple during breastfeeding. Prolactin levels increase during pregnancy and remain elevated after childbirth, promoting the development of mammary glands and the synthesis of milk. This hormonal action is essential for lactation, ensuring that the mother can provide adequate nutrition for her newborn.

While other hormones such as oxytocin play important roles in milk ejection and maternal bond formation, prolactin specifically governs the initiation and maintenance of milk production. Estrogen and progesterone also contribute to breast development and prepare the mammary glands for lactation during pregnancy, but they do not directly stimulate the production of milk.